2010 - Present Wine

R. Pouillon & Fils | Les Châtaigniers | Extra-Brut | Festigny, Vallée de la Marne, Champagne | 2019 | Organic

R. Pouillon & Fils is one of Champagne's most exciting and principled grower-producers, based in the Premier Cru village of Mareuil-sur-Aÿ in the Vallée de la Marne. Fabrice Pouillon farms his vineyards with rigorous organic principles and a deep commitment to expressing the individual character of each parcel — producing wines of exceptional purity, vitality, and terroir transparency.

Les Châtaigniers is a distinctive single-vineyard Champagne from the village of Festigny, situated on the left bank of the Marne Valley in the Vallée du Flagot. The parcel's calcareous clay soils create an especially expressive terroir for Pinot Meunier — a grape that is often underestimated in Champagne but capable of extraordinary depth, structure, and refinement in the right hands and the right site. The clay-rich soils encourage generosity and texture, while the calcareous component contributes freshness, precision, and a firm mineral backbone.

The fruit is harvested by hand and vinified in oak casks ranging from new barrels to vessels up to ten years old, then rested for approximately 18 months in neutral barriques before bottling. Full malolactic fermentation adds roundness and creaminess. Beginning with the 2019 vintage, Pouillon extended his innovative Méthode Fabrice Pouillon to all estate Champagnes — using naturally sweet grape juice from the domaine for the secondary fermentation and dosage rather than externally sourced sugar, preserving a more direct connection between the finished Champagne, its fruit, and its vineyard of origin.

Broad, vinous, and deeply expressive. Aromas of golden apple, quince, ripe pear, and subtle red fruit joined by floral, herbal, and gently savory notes, with hints of flint, warm spice, toasted grain, and earthy minerality. On the palate, the natural roundness of Pinot Meunier is balanced by vibrant acidity and a fine, persistent mousse. Generous fruit and supple texture are anchored by mineral tension, giving the wine both richness and energy. The finish is long, dry, and layered — lingering orchard fruit, chalk, spice, and a delicate reductive character. A gastronomic Champagne with the depth and structure to accompany an entire meal.

Pair with roasted poultry, pork, veal, creamy mushroom dishes, fried seafood, richer fish preparations, washed-rind cheeses, and aged Comté.

• Producer: R. Pouillon & Fils
• Cuvée: Les Châtaigniers
• Style: Extra-Brut
• Appellation: Festigny, Vallée de la Marne, Champagne, France
• Grape: Pinot Meunier (100%)
• Vintage: 2019
• Farming: Organic
• Soils: Calcareous clay (Vallée du Flagot)
• Vinification: Oak casks (new to 10 years old); Méthode Fabrice Pouillon
• Élevage: ~18 months in neutral barriques; full malolactic fermentation
• Dosage: Extra-Brut (estate grape juice)
• Bottle Size: 750ml

Critical Acclaim — Vintage 2019

• WineLens — 95 pts: Complex and distinctive — apple, quince, herbal and floral notes with touches of flint and gentle reduction. Medium to full-bodied with excellent freshness and acidity, beautiful roundness, impressive dimension, and a long finish.

J. Vignier Silexus Sezannensis Brut — Côte de Sézanne 2016 Base

The name says it all: Silexus Sezannensis is a Champagne defined entirely by its soil. Drawn from the Chatet parcel near Saudoy in the Côte de Sézanne — where four of the Vignier family’s twelve hectares are planted — this 100% Chardonnay cuvée grows on a complex mixture of silex and sand over deep Cretaceous chalk, with marl, clay, and silica adding further texture and character. The dark flint stones absorb warmth during the day and release it slowly around the vines at night, encouraging even ripening and full Chardonnay maturity. The underlying chalk preserves freshness, acidity, and a pronounced mineral drive. Vinified in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation and aged a minimum of 84 months en tirage, the 2016 base emerges with depth, integration, and a flinty character that is unmistakably its own. Certified sustainable by Socofret.

Expressive and mineral-driven on the nose: ripe citrus, yellow apple, white peach, and delicate flowers, with subtle brioche, almond, and crushed stone emerging with air. The palate is generous yet focused — fine bubbles, bright acidity, and a distinctive flinty, smoky character that carries through the long, dry finish. The Sézanne terroir gives the wine a broader, more expressive texture than the northern Côte des Blancs, while the silex soils keep it precise, taut, and deeply mineral.

“Silexus Sezannensis is a Champagne of place above all else — silex and chalk in Saudoy, rendered with 84 months of patience and a clarity of terroir that is rare at any price.”

• Producer: J. Vignier, Côte de Sézanne, Champagne, France
• Base Vintage: 2016
• Appellation: Champagne
• Village: Saudoy, Côte de Sézanne
• Vineyard: Chatet (south-facing)
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs Brut
• Soil: Silex and sand over Cretaceous chalk, with marl, clay and silica
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by Socofret
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation
• Lees Aging: Minimum 84 months en tirage
• Residual Sugar: 5.3 g/L | Acidity: 4.6 g/L | pH: 3.07 | Alcohol: 12.5%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Citrus, yellow apple, white peach, white flowers, brioche, almond, crushed stone, flinty smokiness, long dry finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, caviar, scallops, lobster, sushi, roasted white fish, poultry, mushroom dishes, aged cheeses

2016 base. 84 months en tirage. Single parcel in Saudoy. J. Vignier’s Silexus Sezannensis is Côte de Sézanne Blanc de Blancs at its most terroir-driven and compelling.

J. Vignier Les Abbesses Blanc de Blancs Brut — Côte de Sézanne 2015

Les Abbesses is J. Vignier’s single-vineyard expression of the Côte de Sézanne — a 100% Chardonnay Blanc de Blancs from one exceptional parcel in Vindey, a village whose name is believed to derive from the Latin vinum dei: “wine of God.” The vineyard is planted on a rare combination of silex and alluvial soils over deep Cretaceous chalk — the flint-rich surface absorbs warmth during the day, driving full Chardonnay maturity, while the underlying chalk preserves freshness, tension, and mineral precision. 2015 was the inaugural vintage of this cuvée. Vinified in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation and aged 60 months in bottle, it emerges with the depth and integration of a wine that has found its voice. Certified sustainable by Socofret.

Deep and self-possessed on the nose: white flowers, ripe orchard fruit, and fresh citrus, with subtle brioche and a focused mineral core emerging with air. The palate is elegant yet generous — fine bubbles, creamy texture, and a chalky freshness that carries through a long, dry, and graceful finish. The Sézanne terroir gives the wine a rounder, more expressive character than the northern Côte des Blancs, while the silex soils add a distinctive smoky, flinty edge that sets Les Abbesses apart.

“Les Abbesses is the inaugural expression of a remarkable terroir — silex and chalk in Vindey, the village of the ‘wine of God,’ rendered with precision and generosity in equal measure.”

• Producer: J. Vignier, Côte de Sézanne, Champagne, France
• Vintage: 2015 (inaugural release)
• Appellation: Champagne
• Village: Vindey, Côte de Sézanne
• Vineyard: Les Abbesses (single-vineyard)
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs Brut
• Soil: Silex and alluvium over deep Cretaceous chalk
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by Socofret
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation
• Bottle Aging: 60 months
• Residual Sugar: 4.5 g/L | Acidity: 4.4 g/L | pH: 3.08 | Alcohol: 12.3%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: White flowers, orchard fruit, citrus, brioche, silex smokiness, chalky minerality, long dry finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, caviar, scallops, lobster, roasted white fish, creamy poultry, mushroom risotto, soft-ripened cheeses

2015 vintage. 60 months in bottle. A single parcel in Vindey — silex over chalk. J. Vignier’s Les Abbesses is Côte de Sézanne Blanc de Blancs at its most distinctive and compelling.

J. Vignier Deux Terres Blanc de Blancs Brut — Cramant & Côte de Sézanne 2010

Deux Terres — “Two Lands” — is J. Vignier’s most geographically ambitious cuvée, drawing 100% Chardonnay from two distinct and contrasting terroirs: Le Bateau in the Grand Cru village of Cramant on the Côte des Blancs, and Les Bercottes in Barbonne-Fayel on the Côte de Sézanne. The connection between the two sites runs deeper than geography — the Sézanne vines were planted by massal selection using cuttings from the family’s oldest Cramant vineyards, creating a living lineage between the two parcels. The vines are 50 to 60 years old, rooted in Cretaceous chalk, marl, and clay. Vinified in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation and aged a minimum of eight years en tirage, the 2010 vintage — one of Champagne’s finest of the decade — emerges with extraordinary depth, integration, and a long, dry finish. Certified sustainable by Socofret.

Elegant and finely structured: citrus, orchard fruit, toasted brioche, almond, and subtle pastry notes on the nose, deepening with air into mature Champagne complexity. The palate is rich yet focused — Cramant’s chalky precision and Sézanne’s generous, expressive fruit resolved into a wine of remarkable harmony. Eight-plus years on the lees have built a creamy mousse and seamless texture, while the naturally bright acidity keeps everything energetic and long on the finish.

“Deux Terres is a study in complementary opposites — Cramant’s mineral precision and Sézanne’s generous fruit, united by 50-year-old vines and eight years of patience.”

• Producer: J. Vignier, Champagne, France
• Vintage: 2010
• Appellation: Champagne
• Vineyards: Le Bateau, Cramant (Grand Cru) & Les Bercottes, Barbonne-Fayel (Côte de Sézanne)
• Vine Age: 50–60 years
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs Brut
• Soil: Cretaceous chalk, marl and clay
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by Socofret
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation
• Lees Aging: Minimum 8 years en tirage
• Residual Sugar: 2.8 g/L | Acidity: 4.8 g/L | Alcohol: 11.8%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Citrus, orchard fruit, brioche, almond, pastry, creamy mousse, chalky minerality, long dry finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, caviar, lobster, scallops, roasted fish, creamy poultry, mushroom risotto, aged cheeses

2010 vintage. 8+ years on the lees. Two terroirs, one lineage. J. Vignier’s Deux Terres is among the most compelling aged Blanc de Blancs Champagnes available today.

J. Vignier Les Longues Verges Grand Cru Brut — Cramant & Chouilly 2013

Les Longues Verges is J. Vignier’s most distinctive single-vineyard cuvée — a Grand Cru Blanc de Blancs from a unique parcel that straddles the boundary between two of the Côte des Blancs’ most celebrated villages: Cramant and Chouilly. The name itself is a piece of history: “verges” was an old French unit of measurement, roughly 50 meters, used before the metric system. The vineyard’s northeast-facing exposure on Cretaceous chalk, marl, and clay preserves freshness and acidity while encouraging the Chardonnay to develop exceptional purity and concentration. Vinified in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation, bottled in May 2014, and aged 84 months in bottle before release — the 2013 vintage emerges with the depth and integration of a wine that has been given all the time it needs. Certified sustainable by Socofret.

Elegant and focused on the nose: bright citrus, white peach, and orchard fruit joined by jasmine, fennel, ginger, and toasted brioche. The palate is long, juicy, and finely structured — creamy texture balanced by vivid acidity and the steely, chalk-driven minerality that defines Grand Cru Chardonnay from the Côte des Blancs. Cramant’s refined structure and Chouilly’s generous fruit meet in a wine of compelling harmony and a finish that lingers with precision and grace.

“Les Longues Verges sits at the boundary of two Grand Cru villages — and the wine itself is a study in contrasts beautifully resolved: structure and generosity, freshness and depth, history and precision.”

• Producer: J. Vignier, Côte des Blancs, Champagne, France
• Vintage: 2013
• Appellation: Champagne Grand Cru
• Villages: Cramant & Chouilly
• Vineyard: Les Longues Verges (northeast exposure)
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs Brut
• Soil: Cretaceous chalk, marl and clay
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by Socofret
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation
• Bottle Aging: 84 months
• Residual Sugar: 4.4 g/L | Acidity: 4.2 g/L | pH: 3.07 | Alcohol: 12.5%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Citrus, white peach, orchard fruit, jasmine, fennel, ginger, brioche, creamy texture, steely chalky minerality
• Best Paired With: Oysters, caviar, lobster, scallops, sushi, roasted white fish, creamy poultry, mushroom risotto, aged cheeses

2013 vintage. 84 months in bottle. A single parcel spanning two Grand Cru villages. J. Vignier’s Les Longues Verges is Côte des Blancs Blanc de Blancs at its most singular and precise.

J. Vignier Ora Alba Blanc de Blancs Grand Cru Brut — Côte des Blancs 2013 Base

Ora Alba — "the first light of day" — is J. Vignier's interpretation of northern Côte des Blancs Chardonnay at its most luminous and precise. Produced entirely from Grand Cru fruit sourced from three prestigious villages — Cramant, Chouilly, and Oiry — the cuvée draws on deep Cretaceous chalk complemented by marl and clay, a geology that yields Champagne of both mineral tension and generous texture. Cramant contributes structure and pronounced chalky minerality, Chouilly adds elegance and ripe fruit, and Oiry brings freshness and linear precision. Vinified and aged in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation, then aged on the lees for an extended period before disgorgement, the 2013 base gives the wine exceptional depth and a decade-plus of development. Certified sustainable by Socofret.

Fresh and refined on the nose: lemon zest, white peach, green apple, and delicate white flowers, with subtle brioche and toasted almond emerging with air. The palate is precise and energetic — layers of citrus, orchard fruit, and chalky minerality carried by fine bubbles and a softly creamy texture. The finish is long, dry, and elegant, with a persistent mineral drive that speaks clearly of its Grand Cru origins.

"Ora Alba is the Vignier family's vision of northern Côte des Blancs Chardonnay — bright, luminous, and deeply mineral."

• Producer: J. Vignier, Côte des Blancs, Champagne, France
• Base Vintage: 2013
• Appellation: Champagne Grand Cru
• Villages: Cramant, Chouilly & Oiry
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs Brut
• Soil: Cretaceous chalk, marl and clay
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by Socofret
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation
• Lees Aging: Extended aging before disgorgement
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Lemon zest, white peach, green apple, white flowers, brioche, toasted almond, chalky minerality, long dry finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, caviar, lobster, scallops, sushi, roasted white fish, creamy poultry, mushroom risotto, aged cheeses

A 2013 base. Three Grand Cru villages. Extended lees aging. J. Vignier's Ora Alba is northern Côte des Blancs Blanc de Blancs at its most precise and compelling.

Pascal Doquet Champs Libres Blanc de Blancs Extra Brut — Côte des Blancs 2018 Base

Pascal Doquet is one of the leading certified organic growers of the Côte des Blancs, and Champs Libres — "Free Fields" — is his most wide-ranging Blanc de Blancs, drawing 100% Chardonnay from six distinct vineyard sources: Vertus, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger, Villeneuve, Mont Aimé, Bassuet, and Bassu. Where his Arpège focuses on Premier Cru terroir, Champs Libres casts a broader net, assembling a cuvée of genuine complexity and breadth. The 2018 base was fermented in tank with full malolactic fermentation to soften the vintage's naturally high acidity while preserving freshness and mineral definition. Finished at approximately 2–3 g/L dosage, the Extra Brut style keeps the wine focused, dry, and expressive. Rated 92 points by James Suckling and 90 by The Wine Advocate.

The nose is vivid and refined: warm apple, baked pear, and citrus open to white flowers, orange peel, pastry spice, and a subtle touch of nougat. On the palate, the wine is medium-bodied and finely textured — delicate bubbles, lively acidity, and a distinctly chalky, saline mineral character. Fresh green apple, citrus, and lightly savory pastry lead into a clean, energetic, and persistent finish. James Suckling calls it "laser-focused… with lively energy and a delicious finish."

James Suckling 92 • Wine Advocate 90 — "A vivid, crisp and laser-focused Blanc de Blancs with aromas of warm apples, baked pears and pastry spices… lively energy and a delicious finish." — James Suckling

• Producer: Pascal Doquet, Côte des Blancs, Champagne, France
• Base Vintage: 2018
• Appellation: Champagne
• Vineyard Sources: Vertus, Le Mesnil-sur-Oger, Villeneuve, Mont Aimé, Bassuet & Bassu
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Blanc de Blancs, Extra Brut
• Dosage: ~2–3 g/L
• Fermentation: Tank; full malolactic fermentation
• Farming: Certified Organic
• Alcohol: 12.5%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Warm apple, baked pear, citrus, white flowers, orange peel, pastry spice, nougat, chalky minerality, saline finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, shellfish, sushi, grilled fish, roast chicken, soft-ripened cheeses, aged goat cheese

92 points from James Suckling. Six vineyard sources. Certified organic. Pascal Doquet's Champs Libres is Côte des Blancs Blanc de Blancs at its most expressive and accessible.

Yann Alexandre Grande Réserve 1er Cru Brut — Champagne 2015 Base

Yann Alexandre's Grande Réserve is a benchmark Premier Cru grower Champagne assembled from four carefully selected vineyard parcels in the villages of Coulommes-la-Montagne, Villedommange, and Vrigny. Compared with his Brut Noir, the vineyard imprint here is more distinctly calcareous — giving the wine pronounced chalky minerality, structure, and freshness. The blend of 45% Pinot Noir, 45% Chardonnay, and 10% Pinot Meunier is fermented 80% in stainless steel and 20% in neutral oak, then aged seven years en tirage in the Alexandre family's cool cellar. The result is a deeply gastronomic Champagne of rare precision and sense of place.

Wet clay and stone on the nose combine with buttery shortcrust pastry and a delicate edge of honey. The concentrated palate shows beautiful evolution — honeycomb, chewy beeswax, and a rich, structured body lifted by brisk, fine bubbles. The finish is long and saline, emphasizing the wine's chalky mineral drive and impeccable balance between maturity and freshness.

"Deeply gastronomic and impressively sustained — a Premier Cru Champagne of rare precision and sense of place."

• Producer: Yann & Séverine Alexandre, Montagne de Reims, Champagne, France
• Base Vintage: 2015
• Appellation: Champagne Premier Cru
• Vineyard Sources: Four parcels in Coulommes-la-Montagne, Villedommange & Vrigny
• Blend: 45% Pinot Noir, 45% Chardonnay, 10% Pinot Meunier
• Reserve Wine: 40%
• Vinification: 80% stainless steel, 20% neutral oak; malolactic fermentation
• Lees Aging: Seven years en tirage
• Acidity: 4.67 g/L | pH: 3.02 | Alcohol: 12%
• Farming: Certified Sustainable by OCACIA
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Wet clay, stone, shortcrust pastry, honey, honeycomb, beeswax, chalky minerality, saline finish
• Best Paired With: Roast chicken, turkey, veal, lobster, scallops, grilled fish, creamy mushroom dishes, aged cheeses

Seven years on the lees, four Premier Cru parcels, and a 2015 base of exceptional depth — Yann Alexandre's Grande Réserve is grower Champagne at its most compelling.

J. Vignier Aux Origines Blanc de Blancs Brut Champagne (2017 Base)

“Aux Origines” — where it all began — is a deeply personal Champagne that honors the roots of the Vignier family’s winemaking history. Produced entirely from Chardonnay grown in Les Simarts, the first vineyards planted by Nathalie Vignier’s grandparents, Marie-Louise and Paul, in the village of Barbonne-Fayel during the 1960s, this is a wine of place, memory, and exceptional craft. The Côte de Sézanne’s clay and sandy soils over chalk yield generous, expressive Chardonnay with both ripe fruit character and the chalky minerality that defines great Champagne. Fermented in stainless steel with full malolactic fermentation, rested seven months on fine lees, then aged a minimum of 36 months in bottle before disgorgement — the result is a Blanc de Blancs of remarkable depth, texture, and elegance.

• Producer: J. Vignier
• Cuvée: Aux Origines
• Grape: 100% Chardonnay
• Region: Côte de Sézanne, Champagne, France
• Vineyard: Les Simarts, Barbonne-Fayel
• Base Vintage: 2017
• Size: 750ml
• Farming: Certified Sustainable (Socofret)
• Vinification: Stainless steel; full malolactic fermentation; 7 months on fine lees; 36+ months bottle aging
• Alcohol: 12.5%

Pairs beautifully with oysters, caviar, shellfish, sushi, delicate white fish, soft cheeses, or light poultry. Serve well chilled.

Domaine Chanson Mercurey Blanc — Côte Chalonnaise 2022

Domaine Chanson is one of Burgundy’s most storied estates, with roots stretching back to 1750. As specialists in the great terroirs of Burgundy for nearly three centuries, Chanson farms its vineyards with a singular focus on terroir expression and precision winemaking. The Mercurey Blanc is sourced from mid-slope, east-facing Chardonnay vineyards in the heart of the Côte Chalonnaise — a region that delivers Burgundian character at a fraction of the Côte de Beaune price. The 2022 vintage was defined by heat and drought, yet well-timed August rains ensured balanced ripening and produced whites of exceptional freshness, precision, and balance. This bottle earned a Double Gold Medal at the Sakura Wine Awards.

The nose is pale gold and inviting: floral fragrances, citrus zest, yellow-fleshed fruit, and lightly toasted oak. On the palate, the wine is well-balanced and complex, with a dense, tight texture, well-integrated oak, and a long, fresh finish. Classic Côte Chalonnaise Chardonnay — precise, refreshing, and built for the table.

Double Gold Medal — Sakura Wine Awards

• Producer: Domaine Chanson, Beaune, Burgundy, France
• Vintage: 2022
• Appellation: Mercurey AOC, Côte Chalonnaise
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Vineyard: Mid-slope, east-facing plots in Mercurey
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Citrus zest, yellow-fleshed fruit, floral, lightly toasted oak, dense texture, fresh finish
• Best Paired With: White meats, poultry, regional cheeses (Citeaux, Langres, Époisses)

A Double Gold Burgundy Blanc from a 275-year-old estate — precise, refreshing Côte Chalonnaise Chardonnay at an honest price.

G.D. Vajra Barolo Coste di Rose — Piedmont 2022

G.D. Vajra is one of Barolo’s most beloved family estates — a domaine defined by roots, continuity, and an almost philosophical commitment to the land. Founded by Aldo Vajra in Vergne, on the western slopes of the Barolo DOCG, the estate is today run by his children Giuseppe, Francesca, and Isidoro, who share a single conviction: that great wine is an act of identification with place and people. Coste di Rose is the estate’s single-vineyard Barolo from the Coste di Rose MGA in Vergne — a site known for its floral, elegant expression of Nebbiolo, with chalky soils that produce silky tannins and remarkable finesse. The 2022 vintage earned 96 points from James Suckling and 94 from Jeb Dunnuck.

The nose is quintessentially Vajra: floral and lifted, with rose petals, crunchy red fruit, fresh raspberries, and a minty, bright energy. On the palate, the wine is medium-bodied with a blanket of delicate, tender fruit, chalky and precise yet silky tannins, and refreshing acidity that gives the wine wonderful clarity and immediacy. Dark blue fruits, spice, leather, and incense add depth through the finish. Drinkable now with proper aeration, but will reward patience.

James Suckling 96 — "Floral, as is typical of this estate, with crunchy red fruit and rose petals. Medium-bodied, with a blanket of delicate, tender fruit defined by chalky, precise yet silky tannins. Drinkable now with proper aeration, but will improve with some bottle age." (Vintage 2022). 

Jeb Dunnuck 94 — "Fresh and minty with aromas of ripe raspberries and pressed roses. Well-defined ripe tannins, refreshing acidity, and an immediacy that retains great clarity." (Vintage 2022).

• Producer: G.D. Vajra, Vergne, Barolo, Piedmont, Italy
• Vintage: 2022
• Appellation: Barolo DOCG
• MGA (Single Vineyard): Coste di Rose, Vergne
• Varietal: 100% Nebbiolo
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Rose petal, raspberry, red fruit, mint, dark blue fruit, spice, leather, silky tannins
• Cellar Potential: Drink now (with aeration) or cellar 10–15+ years
• Best Paired With: Roast lamb, braised short ribs, truffle risotto, aged Parmigiano, wild mushroom pasta

A 96-point single-vineyard Barolo from one of Piedmont’s most soulful family estates — floral, precise, and built to age.

Hess Select Chardonnay Monterey County 2024 — Monterey County, California

Hess Collection is one of California’s most respected family-owned wineries, with estates spanning Napa Valley and beyond. Hess Select is their approachable everyday label — crafted with the same attention to quality as their flagship wines but designed for the table. This Monterey County Chardonnay draws from one of California’s premier cool-climate appellations, where Pacific breezes off Monterey Bay preserve natural acidity and allow grapes to ripen slowly and evenly, producing Chardonnay of genuine character at an honest price.

A thoughtful blend of 70% stainless steel and 30% French oak fermentation keeps the wine fresh and bright while adding a touch of richness. The nose opens with aromas of grilled pineapple, star fruit, and vanilla, leading to a medium-bodied palate of sliced peach and golden apple, with a touch of crème brûlée on the finish — clean, balanced, and crowd-pleasing.

70% stainless, 30% French oak — Monterey freshness with just enough richness to satisfy.

• Producer: Hess Collection (Hess Select), Napa Valley, California
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Monterey County
• Varietal: Chardonnay
• Fermentation: 70% stainless steel, 30% French oak
• Format: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Grilled pineapple, star fruit, vanilla, sliced peach, golden apple, crème brûlée finish
• Best Paired With: Roast chicken, grilled halibut, lobster mac and cheese, creamy pasta, Brie, aged cheddar, goat cheese

Consistent, crowd-pleasing, and genuinely well-made — Hess Select Chardonnay is the benchmark for everyday California white.

Domaine des Loges Sauvignon Blanc — Loire Valley 2025

The Domaine des Loges family history can be traced back to 1789 — farmers and winegrowers in the heart of the Nantes vineyard, passing their know-how from generation to generation for over two centuries. In 2013, brothers Gwenaël and Benjamin Barre took over from their parents Maurice and Marie-Annick, expanding the estate to 41 hectares in the Muscadet appellation around the village of Monnières. The brothers harvest most of their grapes at night to keep them fresh and preserve delicate aromas, plant cover crops of rye, vetch, and red clover between the rows for natural fertilization, and vinify with care in stainless steel to maintain vibrant fruit character. The result is a Sauvignon Blanc of exceptional value and varietal precision.

Intense straw yellow in color. The nose is aromatic and inviting — passion fruit, citrus, and white flowers, with a clean, mineral freshness that speaks to the flint, sand, and marl-limestone soils of the Loire. On the palate, the wine is round and aromatic, with exotic fruit flavors, bright acidity, and a clean, refreshing finish. Delicate, precise, and endlessly food-friendly.

Family estate since 1789 — night-harvested, stainless steel vinified, cover-cropped for natural soil health. Gwenaël and Benjamin Barre, Monnières, Loire Valley.

• Producer: Domaine des Loges (Gwenaël & Benjamin Barre), Loire Valley, France
• Vintage: 2025
• Appellation: Loire Valley (Val de Loire IGP / Touraine)
• Varietal: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
• Vinification: Stainless steel — night-harvested to preserve aromatics
• Style: White Wine — Dry, Crisp & Aromatic
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Passion fruit, citrus, white flowers, exotic fruit, bright acidity, mineral freshness
• Best Paired With: Oysters, lobster, shellfish, white fish (mullet, cod), grilled fish, goat cheese, light salads

Two centuries of Loire Valley farming in a bottle — Domaine des Loges Sauvignon Blanc is the benchmark for what honest, aromatic French white wine can be at this price.

CHÂTEAU LA GARDE PESSAC-LÉOGNAN 2015 | 750ML

🇫🇷 France — Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Petit Verdot | Pessac-Léognan, Bordeaux

With more than a decade of bottle age, Château La Garde 2015 is entering a beautiful window of maturity. The bouquet opens with violet, blackberry, black currant, and dark cherry, accompanied by crushed stone, cedar, tobacco, graphite, and subtle spice — the classic mineral signature of Pessac-Léognan. On the palate, the wine is medium to full-bodied, linear, and precise, with concentrated dark fruit, fresh acidity, and finely integrated tannins. Secondary notes of tobacco, earth, and cedar are becoming increasingly expressive. Decant for 45–90 minutes and serve at 60–65°F.

The estate occupies one of the finest gravel outcrops in the Pessac-Léognan appellation. Dourthe acquired Château La Garde in 1990, recognizing the exceptional potential of its terroir, and has invested significantly in both vineyard and cellar to produce wines of precision, balance, and refined structure. The 2015 blend is 52% Cabernet Sauvignon, 45% Merlot, and 3% Petit Verdot.

93 Points — James Suckling
“Violet, dark-berry and stone aromas follow through to a medium to full body. Linear and very fine. Tight and fresh. Precise and beautiful. A serious young red.” (Vintage 2015). 

91 Points — Wine Enthusiast
Firm tannins, fresh acidity, and layered blackberry and black-currant fruit. (Vintage 2015). 

Pairs well with: Grilled or roasted beef, rack of lamb, duck breast, braised short ribs, wild mushrooms, aged cheeses.

Grapes: 52% Cabernet Sauvignon, 45% Merlot, 3% Petit Verdot
Region: Pessac-Léognan, Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2015
Format: 750ml
Scores: 93 pts James Suckling | 91 pts Wine Enthusiast

Domaine de Villargeau Coteaux du Giennois Sauvignon Blanc 2023

Domaine de Villargeau is a family estate with a story rooted in determination and a deep respect for the land. In 1991, brothers Fernand and Jean-François Thibault cleared hillsides in the Coteaux du Giennois that had lain abandoned since the phylloxera crisis, planting vines on south-southwest-facing slopes that enjoy exceptional sun exposure. The next generation followed: Marc returned to the estate in 2000 armed with formal training in viticulture and oenology, and Yves joined shortly after, bringing with him a strong commitment to environmental stewardship. That commitment culminated in 2019 when the domaine launched its full conversion to organic agriculture — a milestone that reflects the family’s long-term vision for the land.

The Coteaux du Giennois is a small, often overlooked Loire appellation situated just north of Sancerre, sharing the same chalky, flint-rich soils that give the region’s Sauvignon Blancs their signature mineral precision. Villargeau’s south-facing hillside sites amplify that character, producing wines of remarkable freshness, finesse, and aromatic complexity at an exceptional price point.

The 2023 is pale yellow with silvery glints. The nose opens with bright aromas of tangerine, grapefruit, and lemon on a floral background, with subtle notes of lily of the valley and elderberry. With aeration, the wine gains complexity, revealing mineral and spicy nuances alongside lime blossom and bergamot. The palate is fresh and lively from the first sip — consistent with the nose, with the same citrus precision — and finishes on lovely, lingering mineral notes. A wine of finesse, intensity, and outstanding value.

Varietal: Sauvignon Blanc
Appellation: Coteaux du Giennois AOC, Loire Valley, France
Vintage: 2023
Format: 750ml
Farming: Organic (certified 2019)

Château Fontenil, established in 1986, is the home estate of celebrated Bordeaux oenologists Dany and Michel Rolland. Before purchasing this Right Bank property, the Rollands worked as consultants to numerous producers throughout the region.

Their 11 hectares in Fronsac are planted predominantly to Merlot on a south-facing slope of clay and limestone overlooking the Isle River and the town of Libourne.

The vineyards are sustainably farmed and manually harvested. The average vine age is more than 45 years, and yields are carefully limited.

“Comes on with aromas of warm, ripe plum fruit beginning to show some stewed character, followed by a hint of tobacco. The palate is juicy, with some wood and spice on the finish.”

—Rand Sieger, 67 Wine Buyer

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Château Fontenil 2016 is a polished, expressive Right Bank Bordeaux from the Fronsac appellation, produced at the home estate of renowned Bordeaux oenologists Dany and Michel Rolland. The couple acquired the property in 1986 after years of consulting for estates throughout the region, naming it Fontenil after one of the vineyard’s original parcels.

The estate occupies approximately nine hectares in the commune of Saillans, on a south-facing hillside overlooking the Isle River and the town of Libourne. The vineyards are rooted in Fronsac’s distinctive clay-and-limestone soils, which are particularly well suited to Merlot and help produce wines with generous fruit, mineral freshness, and naturally structured tannins. The vines used for the 2016 vintage averaged more than 45 years of age.

Produced from 100% Merlot, Château Fontenil represents the rich yet refined character for which Fronsac is increasingly admired. The grapes were harvested by hand and subjected to double sorting to ensure that only healthy, fully ripe fruit entered the winery. Vinification took place in small temperature-controlled wooden and stainless-steel vats, as well as in new French oak barrels. Malolactic fermentation was also carried out in new oak, followed by 15 to 18 months of maturation in French barrels, approximately 40% of which were new.

The 2016 vintage displays a deep ruby-purple color and an expressive bouquet of black cherry, raspberry, plum, currant, and wild blueberry. With air, the wine reveals additional layers of violet, dried flowers, cinnamon, licorice, fine chocolate, tobacco leaf, cedar, subtle toast, and forest floor.

On the palate, it is medium to full-bodied, round, and supple, combining ripe dark fruit with bright red-fruit freshness. The tannins are silky and beautifully integrated, providing structure without heaviness. Notes of raspberry, black cherry, pepper, spice, and gently toasted oak carry into a long, harmonious, and savory finish.

The strength of the 2016 vintage lies in its balance. It offers the ripe fruit and velvety texture associated with Michel Rolland’s approach, while retaining the freshness, elegance, and mineral definition of its Fronsac terroir. Published reviews praised the wine for its perfume, vibrancy, purity, and polished tannins. Falstaff awarded the vintage 93 points, describing a fresh, balanced wine with dark berries, cherry, licorice, chocolate, and well-integrated oak.

The Guide Hachette des Vins also highlighted its combination of black fruit, raspberry, pepper, and integrated toasted notes, along with a rounded palate, silky tannins, and a long, flavorful finish.

Now entering a very attractive stage of maturity, Château Fontenil 2016 can be enjoyed today after a brief decant, while still possessing enough fruit and structure for additional cellar development. It is an excellent value for drinkers seeking the plushness and depth of Merlot-based Right Bank Bordeaux without the pricing of neighboring Pomerol or Saint-Émilion.

Appellation: Fronsac
Region: Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2016
Grape Variety: Predominantly Merlot
Vineyard Size: Approximately 9 hectares
Soils: Clay and limestone over Fronsac molasse
Average Vine Age: More than 45 years
Harvest: Hand harvested with double sorting
Vinification: Small temperature-controlled wooden and stainless-steel vats; partial vinification in new French oak
Malolactic Fermentation: In new French oak barrels
Aging: 15–18 months in French oak, approximately 40% new
Alcohol: 13%
Critical Acclaim: 93 Points, Falstaff
Bottle Size: 750ml

Food Pairings: Roast lamb, grilled steak, duck breast, braised beef, short ribs, pork tenderloin, mushroom dishes, lentils, and firm aged cheeses.

Serving Recommendation: Serve at approximately 60–65°F. Decant for 30 to 60 minutes to allow the fruit, spice, and mature savory notes to fully open.

Château Pipeau is a fourth-generation estate founded in 1929 in Saint-Émilion, on Bordeaux’s Right Bank, where many of the world’s greatest Merlot-based wines are produced.

Winemaker Jean Mestreguilhem, son of the current owners, worked at Château de Fieuzal in Pessac-Léognan and Screaming Eagle in Napa Valley before returning to his family estate.

The property includes 25 hectares of clay-limestone and deep sandy soils planted to 90% Merlot, 5% Cabernet Sauvignon, and 5% Cabernet Franc, with an average vine age of 40 years.

Grass grows naturally between the vine rows, while careful debudding and green harvesting limit yields and maximize quality. Canopy management and early harvesting help preserve freshness. The grapes are sorted first on the vine and then again on a sorting table.

“This is an intriguingly delicious wine, starting off with a waft of warm nutmeg and cinnamon. The palate is balanced but assertive, with ripe black plum and bramble fruit.”

—Rand Sieger, 67 Wine Buyer

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This expressive Saint-Émilion Grand Cru comes from a historic, family-owned estate situated at the foot of the Saint-Émilion hillside on Bordeaux’s Right Bank. Founded by Georges Mestreguilhem in 1929, Château Pipeau has remained in the same family for four generations and is now directed by Jean Mestreguilhem with the support of his father, Richard. The estate has grown from its original seven hectares to approximately 25 hectares of vines located just three kilometers from the village of Saint-Émilion.

The vineyard is planted predominantly to Merlot, complemented by Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. The vines average approximately 40 years of age and are rooted in a combination of clay-limestone soils and deep sands. These contrasting soils help produce a wine that combines the generosity and plush fruit of Merlot with freshness, structure, and aromatic complexity.

Château Pipeau follows environmentally conscious vineyard practices and holds Haute Valeur Environnementale certification. Grass is maintained between the vineyard rows to encourage healthy soils and biodiversity, while careful debudding, green harvesting, and leaf removal are used to control yields and promote even ripening. The grapes are harvested both manually and mechanically before undergoing precise optical sorting at the winery.

Vinification takes place in temperature-controlled stainless-steel tanks, with gentle macerations lasting approximately three to four weeks and daily pump-overs to extract color, flavor, and tannin without sacrificing finesse. A traditional vertical press is used to preserve the integrity of the fruit. Most of the wine is then matured for 12 to 14 months in new French oak barrels, while a smaller portion remains in stainless steel to retain freshness and vibrant fruit character.

The 2022 vintage opens with generous aromas of ripe black plum, crushed blackcurrant, raspberry, and wild strawberry. Layers of nutmeg, cinnamon, clove, tobacco, and subtle toasted oak add depth and complexity. The palate is rich and assertive, yet balanced by freshness, with ripe dark fruit, bramble, warm spice, and polished tannins carrying through the finish. A professional tasting of the vintage also noted its deep, fresh aromatic profile and awarded it 90 points.

Approachable in its youth with decanting, this wine also has the concentration and structure to develop further in the cellar. It is an excellent match for roast lamb, grilled steak, beef tenderloin, duck, braised short ribs, mushroom dishes, and firm aged cheeses.

Appellation: Saint-Émilion Grand Cru
Region: Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2022
Grape Varieties: 90% Merlot, 5% Cabernet Franc, 5% Cabernet Sauvignon
Soils: Clay-limestone and deep sand
Average Vine Age: Approximately 40 years
Farming: Environmentally responsible; HVE certified
Vinification: Temperature-controlled stainless-steel tanks with gentle maceration
Aging: Approximately 12–14 months, primarily in new French oak
Bottle Size: 750ml

Serving Recommendation: Serve at approximately 60–65°F. Decant for one to two hours when drinking young to allow the fruit, spice, and tannins to fully open.

A classic, mineral-driven Chablis that beautifully reflects the lesser-known Cote de Brechain. A pale, shimmering gold in the glass, the wine opens with aromas of tart green apple, lemon zest, and soft, white flower hints. These notes of apple and citrus carry over to the palate, where they are met by a prominent, yet balanced acidity and the characteristic, oh-so-slightly chalky Chablis minerality that provides for a satisfying, lengthy finish.

DIRLER-CADÉ ALSACE RIESLING 2023 | 750ML

🇫🇷 France — Riesling | Alsace

A jolt of energy delivered with ease and gentleness. This estate Riesling is harvested across Dirler-Cadé’s holdings, including fruit from the Grand Crus of Saering, Kitterlé, Kessler, Spiegel, Belzbrunnen, and Oberer Spiegel — with 70% of the estate’s Riesling on grand cru sites, this is a village wine with exceptional raw material. The nose is scented and bright, with navel orange peel and a touch of apricot. The palate is immediately vibrant, racy, slender, and crystalline — vivid, light, and bone-dry, with all the freshness and precision that defines great Alsatian Riesling.

All plots at Dirler-Cadé have been farmed biodynamically since 1998, with the goal of expressing the exceptional personality of each terroir. The estate’s four Grand Crus — Kitterlé, Saering, Spiegel, and Kessler — are each associated with one of the four elements: Earth, Water, Air, and Fire. The Saering (“sea ring”) recalls the calcareous sediments deposited in the Oligocene period, producing wines that are juicy, broad, and dense with great power.

92 Points — Vinous
“The palate is immediately vibrant, racy, slender and crystalline. This is so vivid, light and vibrant. The 2023 is a jolt of energy delivered with ease and gentleness despite all its wonderful freshness. Bravo. (Bone-dry)” (Vintage 2023). 

93 Points — Ian d’Agata (Vintage 2023). 

92 Points — RVF
“The simple Riesling is a good introduction to the house style, precise and sapid.” (Vintage 2023). 

Pairs well with: Alsatian choucroute, grilled fish, oysters, soft cheeses, and Asian cuisine.

Grape: Riesling
Region: Alsace, France
Vintage: 2023
Style: Bone-dry
Format: 750ml
Viticulture: Biodynamic since 1998
Scores: 93 pts Ian d’Agata | 92 pts Vinous | 92 pts RVF

🇫🇷 France — Pinot Noir | Sancerre, Loire Valley

Vinified ‘grey’ — grapes pressed immediately after harvest — this Sancerre Rosé is salmon pink in color, lightly tinted, and possessed of remarkable freshness and finesse. Bursting with juicy grapefruit and pomelo, it has the exuberance of a paloma in wine form: bright, aromatic, and utterly irresistible.

The Pinot Noir vines of Domaine Hippolyte Reverdy are planted on two distinct terroirs — kimmeridgien limestone-clay soils and stony pebbly soils — whose intelligent blending gives the wine both structure and vivacity. A family estate with roots in the commune of Verdigny dating to the 16th century, the domaine has been tended with the same devotion across generations.

“Every year when Domaine Hippolyte Reverdy’s iconic label returns… my heart and taste buds feel a special flutter. Amidst all the blush-hued splendor, there’s something extra delightful about Reverdy’s rendition — bursting with juicy grapefruit and pomelo, as though a paloma decided to slip on a wine disguise. This is summertime rosé at its finest.”
— Allyson Noman

Pairs well with: Seasonal crudo, charcuterie, salads, pizza, cold meats, chicken, pork, and spicy dishes. Serve at 8°C.

Grape: Pinot Noir
Region: Sancerre, Loire Valley, France
Vintage: 2025
Format: 750ml
AOC: Sancerre Rosé

DOMAINE HIPPOLYTE REVERDY SANCERRE ROSÉ 2025 | 750ML

Pride Mountain Vineyards sits at 2,100 feet elevation on the Napa-Sonoma border, straddling the county line in a way that is as unique as the wines it produces. Above the fog layer, bathed in sunshine from morning to evening, with warm mornings and cool afternoons, the vineyard's growing conditions are unlike anywhere else in California — producing wines of extraordinary intensity, varietal character, and natural acidity that age gracefully for decades.

The Pride Mountain Vineyards Cabernet Sauvignon 2022 750ml is a blend of 85% Cabernet Sauvignon, 6% Merlot, 5% Petit Verdot, and 4% Cabernet Franc, sourced 64% from the Sonoma side of the property and 36% from Napa. Aged 18 months in 50% new and 50% neutral French oak, it opens with aromas of blackberry, crème de cassis, sage, tobacco leaf, and cedar, with delicate hints of violet emerging as it opens. The palate is full-bodied yet nuanced, with fine tannins, integrated acidity, and a beautiful tension between fruit, floral, and savory herbal notes. Built to age gracefully over the next 20 years.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2022

• James Suckling — 95 Points: "Classic aromas of blackcurrants, dark cherries, cedar and graphite. Full-bodied with fine tannins and integrated acidity. Well balanced and refined, with a drying finish."
• Wine Advocate — 92 Points: "Plush and velvety with scents of dried herbs, black olives and black cherries. Mountain tannins nicely managed — present but ripe and soft, lingering pleasantly on the finish."
• Vinous — 91 Points: "Aromatic, savory and light on its feet. Crushed rose petal, sage, mint and blood orange lend notable lift and brightness. A distinctly red-fruited Cabernet."
• Jeb Dunnuck — 90 Points: "Darker currants, leafy herbs, underbrush, and a kiss of menthol. Medium-bodied with a nicely balanced, charming mouthfeel."

Tasting Notes

• Nose: Blackberry, crème de cassis, sage, tobacco leaf, cedar, and violet
• Palate: Full-bodied with Damson plum, licorice, boysenberry, and fine tannins
• Finish: Long, refined, and drying with excellent structure

Wine Details

• 85% Cabernet Sauvignon, 6% Merlot, 5% Petit Verdot, 4% Cabernet Franc
• Napa-Sonoma border — 2,100ft elevation
• Aged 18 months in 50% new French oak
• Vintage: 2022 | Age 20+ years | 750ml

Château Mondot Saint-Émilion Grand Cru 2021

Perched atop a singular hill overlooking the ancient village of Saint-Émilion, Château Mondot has stood as an understated beacon of exceptional terroir since its creation in 1700. The estate — the second wine of the legendary Château Troplong Mondot — occupies a position like no other in the appellation, its lofty elevation and unique soil profile setting it apart from its neighbors on the limestone plateau.

The secret lies beneath the surface: Mondot's hill is one of the only places in Saint-Émilion where ancient Agenais Molasse clays, formed during the region's geological creation, have survived erosion to great depths, overlying the astéries limestone so characteristic of the appellation. This rare clay-over-limestone profile is the defining signature of Mondot's wines — lending them structure, freshness, and a distinctive mineral tension that sets them apart.

The 2021 Mondot holds a special place in the estate's history: it is the last vintage produced exclusively from Merlot grown on Saint-Émilion's limestone plateau — a milestone worth cellaring. Bright and vibrant in character, the wine reflects the cool, precise nature of the 2021 vintage with crystalline energy and elegant restraint.

Deep ruby in the glass, the wine opens with floral wildflower and crushed flower aromas, followed by red cherry, blackberry, currant, orange peel, cola, mint, and white pepper, with a touch of toasted oak and blue fruit. The palate is refined and focused — not plush or heavy — with pure acidity, a gorgeous tannic structure, and a mouthwatering, saline finish with notes of liquorice and wet stone. Drink from 2027.

Wine Enthusiast — 93 pts
"Floral wildflower aromas. Partial wood aging has produced a wine with light toast and pure acidity. Black-currant flavors are dominant with bright acidity as well as structure. Drink from 2027." (Vintage 2021). 

Decanter — 93 pts
"Beautifully delicate and fragrant — a touch of cola, blue fruits and salt with green pepper and toasted oak. Refined and focussed, crisp and mouthwatering, excellent energy and sense of life with a delicious moreish liquorice, wet stone finish. A serious, well-constructed wine with depth but no heaviness." (Vintage 2021). 

James Suckling — 92 pts
"A vivid and bright red with currant, orange peel and some light spices. Medium body and fine tannins that turn dusty in the finish." (Vintage 2021).

Vinous — 91 pts
"A bright, vibrant wine. Crushed flowers, red cherry fruit, orange peel, mint and white pepper abound. A wine of crystalline energy and tension — super-impressive." (Vintage 2021).

Wine Advocate — 90 pts
"Charming and expressive, bursting with aromas of blackberries, plums, orange zest and spices. Medium to full-bodied, ample and velvety, seamless and suave, with succulent acids and a mouthwateringly saline finish. The last rendition of Mondot produced exclusively from Merlot growing on Saint-Émilion's limestone plateau." (Vintage 2021).

Varietal: 100% Merlot (final vintage)
Appellation: Saint-Émilion Grand Cru AOC, Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2021
Format: 750ml
Scores: 93 WE | 93 Decanter | 92 JS | 91 Vinous | 90 WA

Tenuta di Biserno Insoglio del Cinghiale — Maremma Toscana IGT 2024

Insoglio del Cinghiale is the founding wine of Tenuta di Biserno — the Upper Maremma estate created and nurtured by the Antinori family, one of Italy’s most celebrated winemaking dynasties. The name tells the story: “Insoglio” is the place in the Maremma scrubland where the wild boar (cinghiale) goes to root and roll — and the cinghiale is an expression of the soul and culture of this wild, beautiful coastal territory. The wine is a richly fruity, exquisitely structured blend of Syrah, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, and Cabernet Franc, hand-harvested, carefully sorted, destemmed, and soft-crushed, then aged 7 months partly in steel and partly in wood to preserve freshness and build complexity. The 2024 vintage was a discovery-filled year: a wet spring built water reserves, a cooler harvest preserved freshness, and slow ripening of later varieties added remarkable complexity. Decanter awarded it 94 points.

Intense and lively purple-red with violet reflections. The nose is expressive: violet, berries, and light peppery spice. On the palate, it is enveloping, fresh, and medium-bodied, with well-smoothed tannins, ripe concentrated fruit, and a long, precise finish of real charm and vibrancy.

Decanter 94 (Georgina Hindle) — “Ripe and concentrated but this also has a touch of charm and vibrancy about it… a purity and precision to the fruit and a long length.” (Vintage 2024). 

• Producer: Tenuta di Biserno (Antinori family), Upper Maremma, Tuscany, Italy
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Toscana IGT
• Blend: Syrah, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Cabernet Franc
• Aging: 7 months, partly steel, partly wood
• ABV: 14%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Violet, berries, peppery spice, ripe concentrated fruit, smooth tannins, long precise finish
• Best Paired With: Braised or roasted meats, wild boar ragù, hard cheeses, grilled lamb

A 94-point Antinori Maremma blend at an honest price — Insoglio del Cinghiale is the benchmark for what Upper Maremma Toscana IGT can be.

Michele Chiarlo Tortoniano Barolo DOCG — Piedmont, Italy 2022

Michele Chiarlo has been vinifying the essence of Piedmont since 1956 — one of the region’s most visionary and historically significant producers. Founder Michele Chiarlo was among the first in Italy to introduce malolactic fermentation, and long before DOC laws were adopted, he was already aging his wines in oak and bottle for extended periods. Today the estate farms the finest crus of Barolo, Barbaresco, Nizza, and Gavi, using indigenous grapes — Nebbiolo, Barbera, Cortese, Moscato — to express the full depth of Piedmontese terroir. Tortoniano takes its name from the Tortonian-era soils in which the vines are planted — ancient marine sediments laid down 9 million years ago, rich in magnesium and manganese, that give the wine its distinctive mineral character and longevity. Grape clusters are thinned and harvested up to 15 days later than usual for maximum concentration, then aged two years in large oak casks and one year in bottle before release. 

Garnet with brilliant luminous hues. The nose is inviting and complex: rose petals, juniper berries, and fine spices — the unmistakable signature of great Nebbiolo. On the palate, it is elegant with ample structure and silky tannins, and a long, refined finish that speaks clearly of its ancient soils. A Barolo of real depth and class.

• Producer: Michele Chiarlo, Calamandrana, Piedmont, Italy (est. 1956)
• Vintage: 2022
• Appellation: Barolo DOCG
• Varietal: 100% Nebbiolo — Tortonian-era soils (9 million years old), rich in magnesium & manganese
• Aging: 2 years in large oak casks + 1 year in bottle before release
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Rose petals, juniper berries, fine spices, elegant structure, silky tannins, long refined finish
• Best Paired With: Mushroom pasta, roasted fowl, braised beef, matured cheeses, truffle dishes

A 9-million-year-old terroir in a glass — Michele Chiarlo Tortoniano is the benchmark for what classic Barolo can be.

Tenuta San Guido Le Difese — Toscana IGT 2024

Le Difese is the second wine of Sassicaia — and that pedigree means everything. Tenuta San Guido is the legendary Bolgheri estate that created the Super Tuscan category, producing one of Italy’s most celebrated wines in Sassicaia. Le Difese is crafted from the estate’s younger vines using the same philosophy and the same winemaking team: fermentation on the skins in temperature-controlled stainless steel, followed by 8 months of maturation in French and American oak barrels. The 2024 vintage was exceptional — early, uniform budbreak, ideal flowering and fruit set, warm July with early veraison, and cool nights through August ensuring perfect phenolic and technical ripeness. James Suckling awarded it 92 points. At under $57, it is one of the most compelling values in all of Tuscan wine.

Intense black fruit aromas and flavors, with vanilla and spice from oak, plums, cherries, light chocolate, and cinnamon. Full-bodied with supple tannins, a tangy touch of orange peel, and a crisp, satisfying finish. A delicious and complete glass of Tuscany.

James Suckling 92 — “A fresh and crunchy red with aromas of plums, cherries, light chocolate and cinnamon… fine tannins and a crisp finish. Tangy, with a touch of orange peel. A delicious and satisfying glass of Tuscany red. The second wine of Sassicaia.” (Vintage 2024). 

• Producer: Tenuta San Guido, Bolgheri, Tuscany, Italy
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Toscana IGT
• Blend: 70% Sangiovese, 30% Cabernet Sauvignon
• Aging: 8 months in French and American oak barrels
• ABV: 13.5%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Black fruit, plum, cherry, chocolate, cinnamon, vanilla, orange peel, supple tannins
• Best Paired With: Grilled steak, steak salad, burgers, Bolognese, marinara, casual beef dishes

The second wine of one of Italy’s greatest estates at an honest price — Le Difese is the benchmark for what a Super Tuscan second label can be.

Michele Chiarlo Reyna Barbaresco DOCG — Piedmont, Italy 2023

Barbaresco is known as the queen of Italian wine — and Reyna (“queen” in Piedmontese dialect) is Michele Chiarlo’s tribute to that regal character. Sourced from steep hillside vineyards in Barbaresco and Neive, facing southeast and southwest, the vines are planted in bluish-grey calcareous clay marl rich in microelements — the same ancient soils that define the finest expressions of Nebbiolo in the Langhe. Grapes are hand-harvested 10–15 days later than normal for maximum ripeness and concentration, then fermented at controlled temperatures, put through malolactic fermentation, and aged 18 months in large casks of French Allier and Slavonian oak before bottle aging. James Suckling awarded it 92 points. 

Garnet red with brilliant hues. The nose is fine and expressive: small red fruits, rose petals, tea leaves, prunes, black cherries, licorice, and smashed flowers with a deep rhubarb undertone. On the palate, it is medium-bodied with firm, dusty yet polished tannins, brilliant acidity, and a long, tight, aristocratic finish full of flavor. Drink now or hold.

James Suckling 92 (Aldo Fiordelli) — “A ripe, fruity style, showing prunes, black cherries, licorice and bark, plus vibrant smashed flowers and a deep rhubarb undertone. Medium-bodied, offering firm, dusty yet polished tannins, with brilliant acidity and a tight, tense finish.” (Vintage 2023). 

• Producer: Michele Chiarlo, Calamandrana, Piedmont, Italy (est. 1956)
• Vintage: 2023
• Appellation: Barbaresco DOCG
• Varietal: 100% Nebbiolo — Barbaresco & Neive, bluish-grey calcareous clay marl
• Aging: 18 months in large French Allier & Slavonian oak casks + bottle aging
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Red fruits, rose petals, tea leaves, prunes, black cherry, licorice, smashed flowers, polished tannins
• Best Paired With: Risotto, braised veal shank, lamb with herbs, truffle dishes, aged Parmigiano

The queen of Italian wine from one of Piedmont’s founding estates — Michele Chiarlo Reyna is the benchmark for what classic Barbaresco can be.

Domaine de la Chaise Touraine Sauvignon Blanc — Loire Valley 2024

Domaine de la Chaise’s Touraine Sauvignon is a textbook expression of the Loire Valley’s most celebrated white grape — and the 2024 vintage is a compelling argument for why Touraine remains one of France’s great white wine values. Sourced from the Clos des Roussettes vineyard in St-Georges-sur-Cher — the heart of the Touraine AOC — on argilo-calcareous soils that lend the wine its characteristic mineral tension, the wine is fermented at low temperature to preserve freshness and aromatic precision. At under $13, it is one of the most exciting values in all of the Loire.

The color is a brilliant golden yellow. The nose is expressive and aromatic: exotic fruits, pineapple, passion fruit, and white peach with a lifted, fresh character. On the palate, it is round and generous in attack, with well-balanced acidity and a clean, mineral finish. It delivers the kind of bright, food-friendly pleasure that only great Loire Sauvignon can — and it drinks beautifully right now.

• Producer: Domaine de la Chaise, St-Georges-sur-Cher, Loire Valley, France
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Touraine AOC
• Vineyard: Clos des Roussettes — argilo-calcareous soils
• Varietal: Sauvignon Blanc
• ABV: 12.5%
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Pineapple, passion fruit, white peach, exotic fruit, mineral finish
• Best Paired With: Oysters, grilled fish, seafood, goat cheese, light salads, aperitif

A single-vineyard Loire Sauvignon at an honest price — Domaine de la Chaise is the benchmark for what everyday Touraine can be.

CHÂTEAU FAGE GRAVES DE VAYRES RED 2022 | 750ML

🇫🇷 France — Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Petit Verdot | Graves de Vayres, Bordeaux

A juicy, vibrant Bordeaux red from the ultra-confidential Graves de Vayres appellation. Deep dark cherries, blackberries, toasted spices, and walnuts on the nose, with a lifted character and nicely integrated oak. The palate is medium-bodied and fresh, with pliant tannins, well-judged acidity, and a smooth, chocolaty finish with gentle grip. A well-crafted wine that drinks beautifully now or rewards short-term cellaring.

Château Fage is an authentic family vineyard estate nestled in the heart of Graves de Vayres — a property where terroir and tradition are taken seriously, and where every vintage reflects the character of this quietly exceptional corner of Bordeaux.

90 Points — James Suckling
“A juicy and vibrant red that goes deep on dark cherries, blackberries, toasted spices and walnuts. Medium-bodied with polished tannins and vivid acidity. The finish is smooth, with a chocolaty character. Drink or hold.” (Vintage 2022). 

90 Points — Vinous Media
“Lifted nose with nicely integrated oak and redcurrant, boysenberry and light violet scents. The palate is medium-bodied and quite fresh, with pliant tannins, well-judged acidity and gentle grip on the finish. A well-crafted Graves de Vayres that comes recommended.” (Vintage 2022). 

Grapes: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Petit Verdot
Region: Graves de Vayres, Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2022
Format: 750ml
Scores: 90 pts James Suckling | 90 pts Vinous Media

MONTES ALPHA MALBEC VALLE DE COLCHAGUA 2023 | 750ML

🇨🇱 Chile — Malbec | Valle de Colchagua

Deep ruby red with an intense violet hue. The nose focuses around pronounced aromas of ripe sour cherries, violets, and wildflowers, while a touch of crème de cassis, jam, and anise round out the aromatic profile. The generous palate has tremendous volume, and perfectly round tannins lend structure to a long, lingering finish.

“We always seek to go further — this time, we wanted to go higher, to go beyond wisdom. It is challenging, and you need two wings to fly.”

A creative flight of two generations: our founder Aurelio Montes and his son of the same name, Aurelio Montes, embark on this creative journey that brings a unique Carménère to life.

— Aurelio Montes

Grape: Malbec
Region: Valle de Colchagua, Chile
Vintage: 2023
Format: 750ml

CHÂTEAU FAGE GRAVES DE VAYRES WHITE 2023 | 750ML

🇫🇷 France — Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc | Graves de Vayres, Bordeaux

A beautiful bouquet nuanced between the citrus freshness of Sauvignon Blanc and the expressive richness of Sémillon. Bright aromas of lemon zest, green apple, and fresh herbs lead to a crisp, well-balanced palate with tropical fruit, smooth texture, and a subtle mineral undertone. The finish is clean, refreshing, and inviting — a wine built for the table and ready to drink now.

Crafted from 60% Sémillon and 40% Sauvignon Blanc, Château Fage captures the charm of Bordeaux’s Graves de Vayres appellation with genuine food-friendly finesse.

88 Points — Wine Enthusiast
“This is a creamy style of wine. Its tropical aromas and smooth fruit are lifted by a crisper, youthful acidity. It is likely to be ready from later this year.” — Roger Voss, (Vintage 2023). 

88 Points — James Suckling
“A simple wine with aromas of lemon zest, stones and apple peel. Light and fresh, with crisp fruit and an easy finish. Drink now.” (Vintage 2023). 

Pairs well with: Seafood, light salads, goat cheese, and aperitif.

Grapes: 60% Sémillon, 40% Sauvignon Blanc
Region: Graves de Vayres, Bordeaux, France
Vintage: 2023
Format: 750ml
Scores: 88 pts Wine Enthusiast | 88 pts James Suckling

MONTES ALPHA CHARDONNAY ACONCAGUA COSTA 2023 | 750ML

🇨🇱 Chile — Chardonnay | Aconcagua Costa

Brilliant, light golden-yellow in color. The perfumed nose offers notes of cherimoya, ripe pineapple, pear, and banana, with a mineral undercurrent that speaks to the terroir. On the palate, crisp acidity complements a voluptuous structure and body, with flavors of grilled pineapple, spice-poached pear, and toasted hazelnut. The finish is long, elegant, and vibrant, with a lingering note of lemon peel.

Grown in the Aconcagua Costa region, where proximity to the Pacific Ocean and pronounced sea breezes allow Chardonnay to ripen slowly and completely. Soils range from sandy to clay-loam, lending enormous complexity and cold-climate typicity. Aged 35% in French oak barrels for 12 months.

Pairs well with: White meat, fish, and pasta.

92 Points — Wine Spectator
“Bright verbena and citrus blossom notes lead in this moderately rich style, with grilled pineapple and spice-poached pear flavors that are sleek in feel and linger, adding toasted hazelnut and lemon peel on the vibrant finish.” (Vintage 2023). 
— Aaron Romano

90 Points — Wine Enthusiast
“Hints of salt emerge on the nose of this medium-bodied Chardonnay. The creamy palate shows notes of citrus, spices, and herbs. Moderate freshness brings balance and drives the flavors through a lasting finish.” — Jesica Vargas. (Vintage 2023). 

Grape: Chardonnay
Region: Aconcagua Costa, Chile
Vintage: 2023
Format: 750ml
Scores: 92 pts Wine Spectator | 90 pts Wine Enthusiast

Director's Cut by Francis Ford Coppola Cabernet Sauvignon Sonoma County 2023

Just as a director's cut represents a filmmaker's purest creative vision, Director's Cut wines from Francis Ford Coppola Winery are crafted to reflect the winemaker's own interpretation of quintessential Sonoma character. Free from compromise, these wines are an unfiltered expression of place and varietal — bold, honest, and true to the land.

Sonoma County's remarkable climatic diversity is the backbone of this Cabernet Sauvignon. One of only a handful of appellations in the world where both cool-climate and warm-weather varietals thrive side by side, Sonoma offers the ideal conditions for Cabernet to develop depth and structure while retaining freshness and complexity.

Deep ruby in the glass, the 2023 opens with inviting aromas of blackberry jam, mocha, and baking spices, with hints of toffee and dark chocolate. The palate is rich and full-bodied, with ripe fruit flavors, a velvety texture, and a long, warming finish. An expressive, food-friendly Cabernet that punches well above its price.

Varietal: Cabernet Sauvignon
Appellation: Sonoma County, California
Vintage: 2023
Format: 750ml

DOMAINE NERANTZI ASSYRTIKO P.G.I. SERRES ORGANIC 2025 | 750ML

🇬🇷 Greece — Assyrtiko | Serres, Macedonia

Assyrtiko is one of Greece’s great white grapes — and here, grown organically in the continental climate of Serres in northern Macedonia, it shows a different face from its volcanic Santorini counterpart: still crisp and mineral-driven, but with a rounder texture and bright fruit to match. Light, clean, and refreshing, with zippy citrus acidity, saline minerality, and a lingering, energetic finish.

Domaine Nerantzi was founded in 1988 as a passionate expression of the family’s love for wine and their desire to revive the winemaking traditions passed down through generations — reinterpreted for a modern palate. Today the estate produces wines of distinction that reach markets around the world, with organic farming at the heart of their approach.

We are a family owned winery situated in northern Greece (P.G.I. Serres). Our vineyards cover a surface of 10,8ha in a total of 20ha of family owned property. Our cultivation and vinification is organic certified since our first vintage in 2007.

We respect nature and its balance, focusing a lot in keeping our ecosystem alive. We are using just sulphur and cooper without any herbicides or pesticides (not even organic)  in our vineyards. We were blessed with a place that allows as to do so, and it is not by chance that we get high quality of fruits.

Our region has a long history in winemaking, it is the land where Dionysos was described to have lived and all the greek myths around wine referred to. With cold snowy winters and cool summer nights we have the ability to produce naturally, high quality fruit which we believe is the start of a good wine.

Pairs well with: Seafood, grilled fish, Greek salad, feta, light pasta, and casual warm-weather sipping.

Grape: Assyrtiko
Region: Serres, Macedonia, Greece
Appellation: P.G.I. Serres
Vintage: 2025
Format: 750ml
Viticulture: Certified Organic

Domaine Zafeirakis · Microcosmos Malagousia · PGI Tyrnavos · Thessaly · Greece · 2025

The Zafeirakis family has been practicing viticulture in Tyrnavos, in the heart of Thessaly in Central Greece, for more than a century. Christos Zafeirakis — the fourth generation — returned home after studies and stages in Italy to plant his first organic vineyard in 2005, driven by a philosophy of love, knowledge, and respect for tradition. Microcosmos is his single-vineyard Malagousia, grown on old vines in flinty soils at the domaine — a wine that captures the aromatic brilliance and mineral precision that makes Malagousia one of Greece’s most exciting indigenous white varieties.

The 2025 opens with beautiful aromas of stone fruit and citrus blossoms — fresh peach, apricot, and white flowers. On the palate, zippy bright acidity carries the fruit with elegance, balanced by a ripe, mineral character drawn from the flinty soils. Harmonious, fresh, and expressive from first sip to finish.

• Producer: Domaine Zafeirakis (Christos Zafeirakis), Tyrnavos, Thessaly, Greece
• Vintage: 2025
• Appellation: PGI Tyrnavos, Thessaly, Greece
• Varietal: 100% Malagousia
• Vineyard: Old vines on flinty soils, estate-grown
• Farming: Certified Organic (since 2005)
• Style: Dry white — aromatic, mineral, fresh
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Peach, apricot, citrus blossoms, white flowers, zippy acidity, flinty mineral finish
• Pairings: Grilled fish with lemon and olive oil, pasta primavera, light appetizers, fresh cheeses, seafood mezze

PGI Tyrnavos — certified organic Malagousia from a fourth-generation Greek estate. Aromatic, mineral, and a compelling introduction to Greece’s finest indigenous white.

Château Mont-Redon Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2022

Château Mont-Redon is one of the most storied estates in Châteauneuf-du-Pape, its history predating the appellation itself. In 1923 — more than a decade before the AOC was formally established in 1936 — visionary proprietor Henri Plantin acquired this isolated plateau property, then covered in scrubland and groves, and set about clearing the land and planting vines in the famous rolled pebbles (galets roulés) that define the appellation's most iconic terroir.

Located in the northwestern sector of Châteauneuf-du-Pape, the estate is uniquely privileged to possess all three of the appellation's emblematic terroir types: the pebble-strewn plateau, the compact sandy safres, and the ancient urgonian limestone. This rare combination of complementary soils is the foundation of Mont-Redon's complexity and consistency across vintages.

The 2022 is a blend of approximately 60% Grenache, 31% Syrah, 8% Mourvèdre, and a mix of other authorized varieties including Counoise, Muscardin, Vaccarèse, and Cinsaut, matured in a combination of new and used barrels, concrete, and large foudres. The result is a wine of remarkable depth, structure, and elegance — built for the cellar, but already showing its extraordinary potential.

Deep ruby in the glass, the wine opens with a gorgeous nose of dark cherries, black raspberries, cassis, dried thyme, black pepper, violets, and spicy garrigue, with hints of leather, licorice, and gravel. Full-bodied and concentrated on the palate, with a firm yet refined tannic frame, dark berry fruit at the core, and a long, focused finish with crushed stone and graphite minerality. Best from 2027–2028 and drinking brilliantly for 15+ years.

James Suckling — 96 pts
"A well-composed, structured and refined Chateauneuf-du-Pape. The nose reveals notes of dark cherries, cassis, dried thyme, black pepper and a touch of violets. It’s full-bodied with fine, firm tannins. Robust and focused, and the funneled finish has length. Try after 2028." (Vintage 2022). 

Jeb Dunnuck — 94 pts
"A gorgeous nose of black raspberries, Bing cherries, spicy garrigue, leather, and ground pepper. With medium to full-bodied richness and a concentrated yet focused, elegant style on the palate, it’s going to benefit from 2–3 years of bottle age and drink brilliantly over the following 15+ years." (Vintage 2022). 

Vinous — 92 pts
"Distinct licorice, gravel, red cherry and violet notes alongside minty undertones. Constructed around a firm tannic core, the full-bodied 2022 is clearly built for the long haul, demanding five more years in a cool cellar." (Vintage 2022). 

Wine Spectator — 92 pts
"Large in scale and richly styled, with a ripe core of cherry and cassis liqueur hemmed in with chalk-fine tannins. Smoked anise, meat and earth merge in, while graphite and crushed stone notes line the robust finish." (Vintage 2022). 

Robert Parker’s Wine Advocate — 91+ pts
"Aromas of violet, dark wild berries, lavender and smoke. A medium to full-bodied, concentrated and structured wine with an assertive tannic frame, velvety tannins and a long and spicy finish." (Vintage 2022). 

Blend: ~60% Grenache, 31% Syrah, 8% Mourvèdre, plus Counoise, Muscardin, Vaccarèse, Cinsaut
Appellation: Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC, Southern Rhône, France
Vintage: 2022
Format: 750ml
Scores: 96 JS | 94 JD | 92 Vinous | 92 WS | 91+ WA

Domaine Michel Niellon · Chassagne-Montrachet 1er Cru · Clos de la Maltroie · Burgundy · 2023

Domaine Michel Niellon is one of Chassagne-Montrachet’s most celebrated small estates — a benchmark producer whose premier cru holdings represent some of the finest terroir in the Côte de Beaune. Clos de la Maltroie is one of the appellation’s most distinguished premier cru climats: a walled enclosure with deep limestone soils that consistently produces Chardonnay of impressive weight, precision, and aging potential. Niellon’s approach is classically Burgundian — minimal intervention, terroir-driven, and built for the cellar. The 2023 vintage in Burgundy delivered wines of exceptional freshness and aromatic intensity, and the Clos de la Maltroie is no exception.

Golden lemon in the glass, the wine opens with aromas of tropical fruit, peach, pear, petrol, and hawthorn flowers. On the palate, succulent and concentrated — juicy peach, fresh pear, exotic fruits, and bright citrus lead to a lemon zest finish of real length and precision. Medium to full-bodied, lively, and tightly wound around bright acids and chalky extract. Ready soon but with the capacity to age gracefully for a decade or more.

Expert Review - Vintage 2023

Allen Meadows 90 Points | A more floral-suffused nose offers up vaguely exotic aromas of white peach, lychee and passion fruit along with just sliced citrus hints. I very much like the sense of underlying tension and caressing mouthfeel the barely middle weight flavors display before culminating in a balanced, long and agreeably dry finale. This too could use better depth but the development potential seems clear.

Expert Reviews — Prior Vintages

“Pale lemon color. The character shows more on the palate, white fruit with a little sucrosity. Ready soon but with capacity to age.”
— Wine Spectator · 92 Points

“Aromas of pear, beeswax, toasted nuts, white flowers and youthful reduction. A medium to full-bodied, lively and tightly wound young wine built around bright acids and chalky extract.”
— Wine Advocate · 91 Points

• Producer: Domaine Michel Niellon, Chassagne-Montrachet, Burgundy, France
• Vintage: 2023
• Appellation: Chassagne-Montrachet 1er Cru
• Climat: Clos de la Maltroie
• Varietal: 100% Chardonnay
• Style: Dry white — concentrated, mineral, chalky
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Tropical fruit, peach, pear, petrol, hawthorn, exotic fruit, lemon zest, chalky finish
• Pairings: Lobster, turbot, Dover sole, scallops, roast chicken with cream sauce, aged Comté
• Cellar: Drink now through 2035+

Chassagne-Montrachet 1er Cru — Clos de la Maltroie from one of Burgundy’s most meticulous small estates. Concentrated, chalky, and built to age.